Which term describes a description of one thing in terms of another?

The term that describes a description of one thing in terms of another is a metaphor. A metaphor directly states that one thing is another, creating a direct comparison to convey a particular meaning or evoke imagery. This figure of speech goes beyond mere description by implying a deeper connection between the two items being compared, enriching the language and allowing for creative expression.

For instance, saying "Time is a thief" suggests that time steals moments from our lives, drawing a vivid parallel between the abstract concept of time and the tangible action of theft. This kind of comparative expression helps listeners or readers to understand a nuanced idea through the lens of something more familiar or concrete.

In contrast, a simile explicitly uses "like" or "as" to make a comparison (e.g., "as brave as a lion"), while an analogy typically extends the comparison into a broader relationship or explanation, often used to clarify a concept. Hyperbole, on the other hand, involves exaggeration for emphasis or effect, rather than a straightforward comparison.